A rotary platform is used instead of two cameras to reduce the dimension and cost of the system. In this paper, the similar technique is applied, and furthermore, a novel system is developed for in-vivo 3-D positioning. 30 proposed a novel technique that combined with binocular stereovision and fluorescent imaging for 3-D surface profilometry and deformation measurement, which enable the noncontact, full-field measurements in biotissue and biomaterial at the microscale. Thus, an algorithm is necessary to extract targets from the multispectral image (MSI) and determine the spot center of biological interest. 26, 27 In fluorescence imaging in-vivo, the diffusive nature of light in tissue 28, 29 and the emission spectra overlap of fluorescent labels pose great challenges for 3-D positioning using binocular stereovision theory. 21, 22 It has been applied into the fields of computer vision, 23 photogrammetry, 24, 25 and experimental mechanic. Generally, binocular stereo techniques can be divided into the following parts: image acquisition, camera calibration, feature extraction, image matching and 3-D positioning. In this paper, a NI in-vivo fluorescence imaging system is demonstrated, and a method for computing the 3-D coordinates of targets based on binocular stereovision theory is presented. Researchers can observe the target spatial position, analyze the target metastasis, and determine the relative positional relationship between the target and the organs. A three-dimensional (3-D) positioning can provide more accurate target location information, 20 which shows a great significance for biological and medical applications. 16 вЂ“ 19 However, they cannot meet the needs for accurate positioning during the studies. 11 вЂ“ 15ДЄ single-view two-dimensional (2-D) imaging system is the mainstream of in-vivo fluorescence imaging equipment. 10 So far, many near-infrared range (NIR) fluorescent probes have been developed (such as quantum dots) for in-vivo imaging studies. 9 The photon absorption rate of most biological tissues is comparatively low in the near infrared (NI) spectral range (650вЂ“900В nm), and photons can be detected through living organs. 8 The advantage of in-vivo optical imaging is cost-effective and easy to operate. Fluorescence occurs when an orbital electron of a molecule relaxes to its ground state by emitting a photon of light after being excited to a higher quantum state by some type of energy. 7 Fluorescence is the emission of light from an excitation source. 4 вЂ“ 6 Fluorescence is a versatile and useful tool for living animal in-vivo imaging. 1 вЂ“ 3 It has the capability of performing quantitative and qualitative studies on a cellular or molecular level. In-vivo optical sensing technique has been proved to be an attractive technique. This work demonstrates the potential of binocular stereo vision theory for three-dimensional positioning for living animal in-vivo imaging. The study also suggests that the combination of a large power laser and deep cooling charge-coupled device will provide an attractive approach for fluorescent detection from deep sources. Further data analysis indicates that this TDCP method could be used in three-dimensional positioning of the fluorescent target in small animals. This algorithm is validated to be efficient to extract targets from multispectral images and determine the spot center of biological interests. A three-dimensional coordinates computing (TDCP) method including a preprocess algorithm is presented based on binocular stereo vision theory, to figure out the solution for diffusive nature of light in tissue and the emission spectra overlap of fluorescent labels. A near-infrared in-vivo fluorescence imaging system is demonstrated, which has the capability of deep source signal detecting and three-dimensional positioning. However, they cannot meet the needs for accurate positioning during modern scientific research. The traditional in-vivo fluorescence imaging equipment is based on single-view two-dimensional imaging systems.

Fluorescence is a powerful tool for in-vivo imaging in living animals.

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